Health Officials Investigate First Confirmed Measles Case in Washington, D.C.

Health officials in Washington, D.C., are on high alert following confirmation of a measles case involving an individual who visited several public places around the city while infected. The D.C. Department of Health (DC Health) has issued a public warning and released a detailed list of potential exposure sites, urging anyone who was present at these locations during specific timeframes to remain watchful for symptoms.

This single case in the nation’s capital comes amid a growing number of measles cases reported across the country, particularly in states such as Texas, New York, and Maryland. The incident adds urgency to what is becoming a multi-state health challenge in 2025.

According to DC Health, the infected individual traveled on the Amtrak Northeast Regional Train 175 on March 19, a heavily trafficked route that spans from Boston to Washington, D.C. Additionally, the person sought treatment at MedStar Health Urgent Care in Adams Morgan on March 22, between 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. Both sites are considered possible exposure points due to the airborne nature of measles transmission.

Because measles can linger in the air for up to two hours after an infected individual leaves a location, officials are urging caution not only for those in direct contact with the individual but also for anyone who may have shared the same enclosed spaces shortly afterward.

Measles is a highly contagious respiratory illness that spreads easily through coughing, sneezing, or even breathing near an infected person. The virus can live in the air and on surfaces for extended periods, making enclosed and high-traffic environments especially risky.

Symptoms usually develop 7 to 14 days after exposure and often begin with:

• High fever

• Runny nose

• Persistent cough

• Red or watery eyes

After these initial symptoms, a distinctive rash typically appears three to five days later, starting on the face and progressing downward across the body. Some individuals may also experience small white spots inside the mouth, known as Koplik spots, which are specific to measles.

Authorities have advised the public to remain alert for symptoms if they were present at any of the known exposure sites. Those who suspect they may have been infected are asked to contact a healthcare provider before visiting a clinic or emergency room to reduce the risk of exposing others.

The confirmed D.C. case is part of a broader pattern of increased measles activity throughout the Northeastern United States. Nearby Maryland recently confirmed its first 2025 measles case in a traveler who passed through Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI), a major transit hub.

Health departments in both D.C. and Maryland have stepped up coordination, sharing data and tracing possible contacts to prevent further regional spread. Both jurisdictions have emphasized the importance of public awareness and responsible behavior—especially among those who are symptomatic or uncertain about their exposure status.

This year has seen a sharp increase in reported measles cases across the country. As of March 20, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports 378 confirmed cases, many of which have occurred during peak travel season, further raising concerns about interstate transmission.

In Texas, which has seen one of the largest surges, 327 measles cases have been documented so far in 2025, with at least 40 requiring hospitalization. Other states have reported clusters connected to international travel, large public events, or exposure in schools and healthcare facilities.

Experts suggest that while measles was declared eliminated from the U.S. in 2000, recent outbreaks are a stark reminder that international travel, population density, and lapses in public health oversight can rapidly reverse progress.

Public health officials in Washington, D.C., are advising residents who may have been exposed to:

• Monitor for symptoms for at least 21 days after the date of possible contact

• Isolate immediately if symptoms appear, and call a healthcare provider before seeking in-person care

• Avoid contact with infants, pregnant women, and those with compromised immune systems, who are more vulnerable to complications

At this stage, DC Health is not recommending citywide restrictions or travel limitations, but it has reminded residents to stay informed and to act quickly if symptoms develop.

Measles remains one of the world’s most infectious diseases. According to historical data, a single case can lead to up to 18 new infections in unprotected populations, making early detection and self-isolation critically important.

Although many people recover fully, serious complications can include:

• Pneumonia, especially in children

• Brain inflammation (encephalitis)

• Long-term hearing loss

• In rare cases, death

Increased travel and tourism, particularly during holiday seasons or large-scale events, often contribute to the reintroduction of measles into communities. D.C., as a major tourist and political hub, is particularly susceptible to such risks.

DC Health is continuing to work with federal partners, including the CDC and Amtrak, to track all potential exposures and inform the public. Updates will be shared through official channels, including press briefings, social media, and the department’s website.

Residents are encouraged to:

• Check local news sources for updated information on potential exposure sites

• Limit public activity if symptoms emerge

• Help share accurate, timely information within their communities

As the situation develops, public cooperation and situational awareness will be key to limiting the spread of the virus.